Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted RF Wireless Power Transfer for Internet of Things System: Modeling and Evaluation
Article Sidebar
Read Counter : 388
Download : 140
Main Article Content
Abstract
This work studies the utilization of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) for assisting radiofrequency (RF)-based wireless power transfer (WPT) in the Internet of Things (IoT) system. The RIS device in this system is utilized to provide the line of sight (LOS) path when an obstacle blocks the direct power transmission from the transmitter to the receiver. This work presents a comprehensive modeling of the RIS-assisted RF WPT for IoT systems, which includes the spatial model, the RIS-assisted RF WPT model, and the total receiver power model. The performance of RIS-assisted RF WPT is evaluated by simulation matched to the IoT system. In all simulation tests, the obstacle is located between the transmission and the receiver, eliminating direct power transfer. By simulation, it has been verified that the RIS device can assist the RF WPT in the IoT system. The receiver can achieve 0,4714% power transfer efficiency at a distance of 1 meter from the RIS device. Meanwhile, 0,0290% power transfer efficiency is achieved within a 15-meter distance from the RIS device. Furthermore, the performance of RIS-assisted RF WPT with various numbers of unit cells in the RF WPT system is investigated. It has been found that increasing the number of unit cells in RF WPT after a certain number is ineffective for the RF WPT in an IoT system
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
- Author grant the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
References
Aziz, A. A., Putra, A. E., Kim, D. I., & Choi, K. W. (2022). Drone-Based Sensor Information Gathering System with Beam-Rotation Forward-Scattering Communications and Wireless Power Transfer. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 9(13), 11227–11247. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3128532
Balanis WILEY, C. A. (2016). Antenna Theory Analysis and Design Fourth Edition. www.wiley.com.
Cha, S. H., Jeong, C., & Lim, S. H. (2018). Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer for internet of things sensor networks. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5(4), 2829–2843. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2018.2825334
Choi, K. W., Ginting, L., Aziz, A. A., Setiawan, D., Park, J. H., Hwang, S. I., Kang, D. S., Chung, M. Y., & Kim, D. I. (2019). Toward Realization of Long-Range Wireless-Powered Sensor Networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 26(4). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2019.1800475
Gong, S., Lu, X., Hoang, D. T., Niyato, D., Shu, L., Kim, D. I., & Liang, Y. C. (2020). Toward Smart Wireless Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces: A Contemporary Survey. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 22(4), 2283–2314. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2020.3004197
Keskilammi, M. (2004). Importance of application specific antennas on passive long-range RFID system performance. [Doctoral dissertation, Tampere University of Technology]
Lu, X., Wang, P., Niyato, D., Kim, D. I., & Han, Z. (2015). Wireless networks with rf energy harvesting: A contemporary survey. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 17(2), 757–789. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2014.2368999
Mohjazi, L., Muhaidat, S., Abbasi, Q. H., Imran, M. A., Dobre, O. A., & Renzo, M. Di. (2022). Battery Recharging Time Models for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces-Assisted Wireless Power Transfer Systems. IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, 6(2), 1173–1185. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGCN.2021.3120834
Nusrat, T., Roy, S., Lotfi-Neyestanak, A. A., & Noghanian, S. (2023). Far-Field Wireless Power Transfer for the Internet of Things. Electronics (Switzerland), 12(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12010207
Pan, C., Ren, H., Wang, K., Kolb, J. F., Elkashlan, M., Chen, M., Di Renzo, M., Hao, Y., Wang, J., Swindlehurst, A. L., You, X., & Hanzo, L. (2021). Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Systems: Principles, Applications, and Research Directions. IEEE Communications Magazine, 59(6), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.2001076
Rana, M. M., Xiang, W., Wang, E., Li, X., & Choi, B. J. (2018). Internet of Things Infrastructure for Wireless Power Transfer Systems. IEEE Access, 6, 19295–19303. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2795803
Sahu, K. N. (2014). Study of RF Propagation Losses in Homogeneous Brick and Concrete Walls using Analytical Frequency Dependent Models. IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, 9, 58–66. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:26382706
Taylor, C. D., Gutierrez, S. J., Langdon, S. L., & Murphy, K. L. (1999). On the Propagation of RF into a Building Constructed of Cinder Block Over the Frequency Range 200 MHz to 3 GHz. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility (Vol. 41, Issue 1).
Taylor, C. D., Gutierrez, S. J., Langdon, S. L., Murphy, K. L., & Walton, W. A. (1997). Measurement of RF Propagation into Concrete Structures over the Frequency Range 100 MHZ to 3 GHz. In J. H. Reed, T. S. Rappaport, & B. D. Woerner (Eds.), Wireless Personal Communications: Advances in Coverage and Capacity (pp. 131–144). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6237-5_13
Tran, N. M., Amri, M. M., Park, J. H., Kim, D. I., & Choi, K. W. (2022a). Multifocus Techniques for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Wireless Power Transfer: Theory to Experiment. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 9(18), 17157–17171. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2022.3195948
Tran, N. M., Amri, M. M., Park, J. H., Kim, D. I., & Choi, K. W. (2022b). Reconfigurable-Intelligent-Surface-Aided Wireless Power Transfer Systems: Analysis and Implementation. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 9(21), 21338–21356. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2022.3179691
Wu, Q., & Zhang, R. (2020). Towards Smart and Reconfigurable Environment: Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Wireless Network. IEEE Communications Magazine, 58(1), 106–112. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.1900107
Xie, L., Shi, Y., Hou, Y. T., & Lou, A. (2013). Wireless power transfer and applications to sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 20(4), 140–145. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2013.6590061
Yang, H., Cai, C., Yuan, X., & Liang, Y. (2021). RIS-aided constant-envelope beamforming for multiuser wireless power transfer: A max-min approach. in China Communications, 18(3), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.2021.03.007
Yang, H., Cao, X., Yang, F., Gao, J., Xu, S., Li, M., Chen, X., Zhao, Y., Zheng, Y., & Li, S. (2016). A programmable metasurface with dynamic polarization, scattering and focusing control. Scientific Reports, 6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35692