Perhitungan Jarak Paparan Radiasi Base Transceiver Station pada Frekuensi 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, dan 2100 MHz Berdasarkan Standar World Health Organization
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Abstract
Abstrak
Teknologi telekomunikasi yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk berkomunikasi di era internet saat ini adalah teknologi Long Term Evolution (LTE). Dalam menyelenggarakan layanan LTE, diperlukan suatu penghubung antara jaringan akses dengan core yang biasa dikenal dengan istilah backhaul. Salah satu backhaul yang biasa digunakan untuk menyambungkan suatu link komunikasi ini adalah backhaul microwave. Penerapan dari link microwave ini biasa digunakan untuk komunikasi line of sight (LOS). Oleh karena itu, perencanaan link microwave ini tidak mudah karena akan ada banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi link komunikasi ini, diantaranya: penghalang, fading, atenuasi, noise maupun jarak. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan perencanaan link microwave antara Kota Semarang dengan Kota Magelang dengan 3 skenario. Skenario pertama dilakukan dengan komunikasi langsung singlehop, skenario kedua dengan memanfaatkan repeater aktif, dan skenario ketiga dilakukan dengan repeater pasif. Hasil akhir menunjukan bahwa skenario yang paling sesuai untuk diimplementasi pada link microwave Semarang-Magelang ini adalah skenario kedua. Penggunaan repeater aktif yang memantulkan dan menguatkan sinyal site Tx menuju site Rx ini mampu menjadi solusi untuk lintasan link yang terdapat obstacle dan berjarak sangat jauh. Penggunaan skenario 2 dalam penelitian ini menunjukan kekuatan signal di site Semarang dan Magelang adalah masing-masing -54,67 dBm dan -48,66 dBm. Kekuatan sinyal ini berada di atas Rx threshold pada kedua site, yaitu -67,50 dBm.
Abstract
Exposure to electromagnetic wave radiation from Base Transceiver Station can cause a negative impact on human health, can cause headache, brain tumors, cancer, and fetal disorders in pregnant women. In addition, to minimize the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation exposure on the human body, the construction of Base Transceiver Station must comply with regulations regarding the safe distance of Base Transceiver Station from residential areas, such as electromagnetic field regulations that have been implemented in South Korea. From the results of mathematical calculations in accordance with World Heatlh Organization standards and electromagnetic field regulations in South Korea, it can be seen that the minimum safe distance of Base Transceiver Station to residential areas is influenced by the frequency, gain, and power of the Base Transceiver Station. This can be seen in the results od the classification of the radiation zone base on electric fields, with the use of 30 dBm power and 20 dBi gain with a frequency of 900 MHz for the Class 2 zone distance, which is 14.317 m from BTS, for 1800 MHz frequency is 7.668 m from BTS, and for 2100 MHz frequency is 2.702 m from BTS. As for the use of 43 dBm power and 20 dBi gain with a frequency of 900 MHz for the Class 2 zone distance, which is 39.86 m from BTS, for the 1800 MHz frequency is 19.939 m from BTS, and for 2100 MHz frequency is 13.638 m from the BTS.
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